B2-19 · Look back from a future deadline
The future of work
Use Futur II with werden, a past participle and haben or sein to describe completed future changes.
About 5 minutes to read · 12 quiz questions
01
Completed by a future point
At a fictional workshop, Mira plans a training project. Futur II describes an action as completed by a future point. Build it with a finite form of werden, the past participle and haben or sein at the end.
Bis Dezember wird Mira die Weiterbildung abgeschlossen haben.
By December, Mira will have completed the further training.
Bis Freitag werden wir die neuen Aufgaben verteilt haben.
By Friday, we will have assigned the new tasks.
Bis Jahresende wird das Team den Ablauf getestet haben.
By the end of the year, the team will have tested the process.
Bis dahin werde ich den Schulungsplan erstellt haben.
By then, I will have drawn up the training plan.
The final auxiliary matches the one used in the perfect tense. Hat abgeschlossen becomes wird abgeschlossen haben. Time phrases such as bis Dezember make the future deadline explicit.
02
Choose haben or sein
Most transitive verbs in these examples take haben. Verbs such as umziehen and entstehen take sein in the perfect and keep it in Futur II. The form of werden still agrees with the subject.
Bis zum Sommer wird die Werkstatt in neue Räume umgezogen sein.
By summer, the workshop will have moved into new premises.
Bis dahin werden in unserem Projekt zwei neue Rollen entstanden sein.
By then, two new roles will have emerged in our project.
Bis Montag wird Mira aus dem Schulungszentrum zurückgekehrt sein.
By Monday, Mira will have returned from the training center.
Bis Oktober werden die Beschäftigten den Umgang mit der Software geübt haben.
By October, the employees will have practiced using the software.
The finite verb marks person and number. The final haben or sein stays an infinitive. Die Firma wird umgezogen sein describes a completed move.
03
Keep the deadline and the result clear
The team now states what it expects to have finished by each deadline. Futur II presents completion from that later viewpoint. A prediction can still turn out wrong; the tense does not guarantee it.
Bis morgen wird Mira den Entwurf überarbeitet haben.
By tomorrow, Mira will have revised the draft.
Bis nächste Woche werden wir in die neue Halle umgezogen sein.
By next week, we will have moved into the new hall.
Bis zum Projektende werde ich drei Schulungen geleitet haben.
By the end of the project, I will have led three training sessions.
Bis Freitag werdet ihr die neuen Arbeitsplätze eingerichtet haben.
By Friday, you will have set up the new workstations.
Without a future time reference, Futur II can also express a supposition about something already completed. Here, explicit deadlines keep the focus on future completion.
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